Question 1

In virtue ethics, what term, derived from Greek, refers to human flourishing or a life well-lived, often considered the ultimate goal of ethical action?

Accepted Answer

Eudaimonia

Question 2

The 'ethics of care,' a feminist-influenced approach, emphasizes the importance of relationships, empathy, and interdependence in moral decision-making. Which philosopher is often credited with its early development?

Accepted Answer

Carol Gilligan

Question 3

What ethical theory, developed primarily by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, suggests that individuals willingly give up some freedoms for mutual protection and societal benefits?

Accepted Answer

Social Contract Theory

Question 4

In environmental ethics, what philosophical view extends moral consideration beyond humans to include animals, plants, and ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Ecocentrism

Question 5

What term describes the concept in ethical discussions where an action is considered morally right because it aligns with a divine commandment?

Accepted Answer

Divine Command Theory

Question 6

Which form of applied ethics addresses moral problems arising from medical practice, biological research, and healthcare policy?

Accepted Answer

Bioethics

Question 7

Which philosopher is famously associated with the concept of the 'will to power' and advocated for a 'revaluation of all values' in his critique of traditional morality?

Accepted Answer

Friedrich Nietzsche

Question 8

What is the term for Kant's concept of acting from duty, where the motivation for a moral action must come purely from respect for the moral law itself, rather than from inclinations or desired outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Good Will

Question 9

What meta-ethical theory asserts that there are objective moral facts and properties in the world, independent of human opinion or sentiment, and that moral judgments can be true or false?

Accepted Answer

Moral Realism

Question 10

Which prominent 20th-century analytic philosopher, known for her work on abortion and the Trolley Problem, also argued that the concepts of 'moral obligation' and 'moral duty' were remnants of a defunct divine law conception of ethics?

Accepted Answer

G.E.M. Anscombe

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