This American astronomer provided crucial evidence for the expanding universe and for the existence of galaxies beyond our own Milky Way.
Which British chemist's X-ray diffraction images were crucial in determining the structure of DNA, though her contributions were initially largely unrecognized?
This Austrian-Swedish physicist played a pivotal role in the discovery of nuclear fission, though she was controversially overlooked for the Nobel Prize.
Who formulated a set of equations that describe the fundamental nature of electricity and magnetism, demonstrating that light is an electromagnetic wave?
This American medical researcher developed the first safe and effective polio vaccine, which was introduced in 1955.
This American marine biologist and conservationist wrote 'Silent Spring,' a landmark book that helped launch the modern environmental movement by documenting the harmful effects of pesticides.
Which British chemist was a pioneer in X-ray crystallography and determined the molecular structures of penicillin, vitamin B12, and insulin?
This American theoretical physicist is best known for his work in quantum electrodynamics (QED) and for developing the Feynman diagrams, a pictorial representation of subatomic particle interactions.
Who is considered the originator of quantum theory, introducing the idea that energy can only be emitted or absorbed in discrete packets, or 'quanta'?
This ancient Greek philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer worked in Alexandria, Egypt, and is considered the first recorded female mathematician.